Lys & Arg have four ionisations zones

1. 1--------pK1 – charge +2

2. pK1---------pK2 charge +1

3. pK2---------pKr charge 0

4. pKr---------14 charge -1

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Classification of peteridophytes

PSILOPHYΤΑ (WISK FERNS)

Eg: Psilotum

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Classification of peteridophytes

II.LYCOPODOΡΗΥΤΑ (CLUB MOSSES)

Eg: Lycopodium, Selaginella

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Classification of peteridophytes

III.EQUISETOPHYTA (HORSE TAILS)

 Eg: Equisetum

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Classification of peteridophytes

IV.  Filicophyta(Ferns)

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IV. Gymnosperm

non-flowering plants

Naked seeds (fruits are not produced)

Heterosporous- life cycle

Better adaptation for land habitat

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IV.Gymnosperm

Fertilization- Siphonogamous

Shows secondary growth- due to cambium

Seeds are borne on cones