Two major classes of actin-nucleating proteins:

1. Formins nucleate the assembly of unbranched filaments 

2. Arp2/3 complex nucleates the assembly of branched actin networks

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Ca2+ ions bind to sites near each hinge and prevent it

from flexing, so that the whole string of cadherin domains behaves as a rigid and slightly curved rod to generate cell–cell adhesion

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Each classical cadherin molecule contains: 

A single TM domain

A short C-terminal cytosolic domain

Five extracellular “cadherin” domains (EC1–EC5)

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Three classes of classical cadherins: 

E-cadherin -present on epithelial cells

N-cadherin - present on nerve, muscle and lens cells

P-cadherin - present on cells in the placenta & epidermis

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Nonclassical cadherins include proteins:

Protocadherins found in the brain

Desmocollins and desmogleins that form desmosomes

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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is associated with a reduction in the expression of E-cadherin.

TLS Online TPP Program

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Snail suppresses the expression of E-cadherin is associated with the EMT