The xylem‐colonizing bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is transmitted by various species of Homalodisca in the family Cicadellidae.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10032

#XL - T Zoology

Within minutes of stimulation of the cell, β subunit of

I-κB kinase becomes activated by phosphorylation

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10033

#XL - T Zoology

β subunit of I-κB kinase phosphorylates two N-terminal serine residues on I-κBα

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10034

#XL - T Zoology

An E3 ubiquitin ligase binds to Phosphoserines of I-κBα & links poly-K48-linked ubiquitin chains that target the attached I-κBα protein to the proteasomal degradation

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10035

#XL - T Zoology

NF-κB signaling is turned off by negative feedback

regulation because one of the genes whose transcription is induced by NF-κB encodes I-κBα.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10036

#XL - T Zoology

Signalsomes 

Signal transduction by the interleukin 1 and TLRs involves formation of huge multiprotein complexes, activate I-κB kinase

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10037

#XL - T Zoology

IL-1β receptors contain a globular TIR domain; binding of IL-1β to IL-1 receptors triggers dimerization