When Pr molecules are exposed to red light, most of them absorb it and are converted to Pfr, but some of the Pfr also absorbs the red light and is converted back to Pr because both Pr and Pfr absorb red light. 

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#XL - T Zoology

Thermodynamic hypothesis

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#XL - T Zoology

Populations have growth limits

Categorize these limits as being either density independent or density dependent.

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#XL - T Zoology

Density-independent factors limit population size regardless of the population’s density.

Common density-independent factors include natural disasters such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, and fires.

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#XL - T Zoology

Density-dependent factors affect population size in relation to the population’s density.

Density-dependent factors down into two categories. 

Negative density dependence 

Positive density dependence (inverse density dependence

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#XL - T Zoology

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#XL - T Zoology