Following statements are regarding to the Surveillance mechanisms in cell cycle regulation.

A. Surveillance mechanisms known as checkpoint pathways establish dependencies among cell cycle events and ensure that the next cell cycle event does not occur prior to the completion of a preceding event.

B. In response to DNA damage, two related protein kinases, ATM and ATR, are recruited to the site of the damage, where they activate signaling pathways that lead to cell cycle arrest, repair, and under some circumstances, apoptosis.

C. The spindle assembly checkpoint pathway, which causes initiation of anaphase, utilizes Mad2 and other proteins to regulate APC/CCdc20, which targets securing and mitotic cyclins for ubiquitinylation.

D. The spindle position checkpoint pathway prevents mitotic CDK inactivation when the spindle is mispositioned. In this pathway, localized activators and inhibitors and a sensor that shuttles between them allow cells to sense spindle position.

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12301

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following would likely lead to hyponatremia?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11481

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following sensory receptors is correctly paired with its category?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12955

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following would tend to decrease GFR by more than 10% in a normal kidney?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12954

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 55-year-old male patient with hypertension has had his blood pressure reasonably well controlled by administration of a thiazide diuretic. During his last visit (6 months ago) his blood pressure was 130/75 mm Hg and his serum creatinine was 1 mg/100 ml. He has been exercising regularly for the past 2 years, but recently has complained of knee pain and began taking large amounts of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. When he arrives at your office, his blood pressure is 155/85 and his serum creatinine is now 2.5 mg/100 ml. Which of the following best explains his increased serum creatinine?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12953

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

 Which of the following diuretics inhibits Na+-2Cl−-K+ co-transport in the loop of Henle as its primary action?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12952

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following changes would tend to increase Ca2+ reabsorption in the renal tubule?