Mutations that block expression of the E-cadherin gene are thought to be an important step in metastasis. To better understand how loss of E-cadherin contributes to metastasis, scientists created two cell lines that differed in their expression of E-cadherin. One cell line expressed normal E-cadherin, but at 10% of the usual levels. The other cell line expressed normal E-cadherin at the usual levels, and also, at high levels a mutant form that included the cytoplasmic domain but lacked the rest of the protein. Both cell lines exhibited strongly reduced cell adhesion in culture. However, only the cell line with reduced expression of normal E-cadherin metastasized when introduced into mice.

Which of the following hypotheses is most consistent with the observations on cell adhesion and metastasis in these cell lines?

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#Question id: 12955

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following would tend to decrease GFR by more than 10% in a normal kidney?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12954

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 55-year-old male patient with hypertension has had his blood pressure reasonably well controlled by administration of a thiazide diuretic. During his last visit (6 months ago) his blood pressure was 130/75 mm Hg and his serum creatinine was 1 mg/100 ml. He has been exercising regularly for the past 2 years, but recently has complained of knee pain and began taking large amounts of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. When he arrives at your office, his blood pressure is 155/85 and his serum creatinine is now 2.5 mg/100 ml. Which of the following best explains his increased serum creatinine?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12953

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

 Which of the following diuretics inhibits Na+-2Cl−-K+ co-transport in the loop of Henle as its primary action?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12952

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following changes would tend to increase Ca2+ reabsorption in the renal tubule?

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#Question id: 12951

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

If the cortical collecting tubule tubular fluid inulin concentration is 40 mg/100 ml and plasma concentration of inulin is 2.0 mg/100 ml, what is the approximate percentage of the filtered water that remains in the tubule at that point?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12950

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Increases in both renal blood flow and GFR are caused by which of the following?