Caspases function as homodimers with one domain of each stabilizing the active site of the other; they mediate apoptosis by proteolytic cleavage of selected substrates

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5547

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Positive charge forces cations such as Mg++ and Ca++ to diffuse from the tubular lumen through the paracellular space and into the interstitial fluid

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5548

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

In the early distal tubule Approximately 5% of the filtered load of sodium chloride is reabsorbed through sodium-chloride co-transporter 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5549

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The thiazide diuretics, inhibit the sodium-chloride co-transporter

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5550

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The second half of the distal tubule and the subsequent cortical collecting tubule have two distinct cell types:  principal cells and intercalated cells

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5551

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The principal cells reabsorb sodium and water from the lumen and secrete potassium ions into the lumen

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5552

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The principal cells are the primary sites of action of the potassium-sparing diuretics, including spironolactone, eplerenone, amiloride, and triamterene