At steady state, ATP–G-actin subunits add preferentially to the (+) end, while ADP–G-actin subunits disassemble from the (−) end, giving rise to treadmilling of subunits.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5816

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Negative feedback  is exerted by cortisol in the hypothalamic- pituitary axis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5817

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The zona glomerulosa is controlled via; Renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5818

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Aldosterone has three actions on the late distal tubule and collecting ducts of the kidney:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5819

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The renal epithelial cells express the enzyme 11β-HSD2, which prevent cortisol from activating mineralocorticoid receptors.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5820

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME)

11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 is inhibited or absent

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5821

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

ACTH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of cortisol by the activation of adenylyl cyclase via Gs.