Capping is done by a dimeric nuclear enzyme which has two subunits and three functions

1. Guanylyl-transferase (GT)

2. Methyltransferase (MT)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6899

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is now novel epigenetic marks. The “teneleven translocation 1-3” or Tet1-3 proteinsare DNA TET hydroxylase enzymes that can convert 5mC to 5hmC, and can further convert 5hmC to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and then 5- carboxylcytosine (5caC) in successive reactions.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6900

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is now novel epigenetic marks. The “teneleven traProteins that normally recognize 5mC, such as MeCP2, do not bind to 5hmC, suggesting that generation of 5hmC might serve to reverse methylation-dependent silencing.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 819

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Process of infection, colonization, and reproduction is known as pathogenesis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 820

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The interactions between organisms from different kingdoms consisting of three phases, referred to as a “zig‐zag‐zig” scheme

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 821

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

PRR‐triggered immunity (PTI) of plant cells places selective pressures on potentially pathogenic species to suppress effector response.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 822

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Suppression of host response is called effector‐triggered susceptibility