Fo complex, with its proton pore, is composed of three subunits, a, b, and c, in the proportion ab₂ C_n, where n ranges from 8 to 15 in various organisms; in yeast, it is 10.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6221

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Retroviral Vectors Retroviruses have RNA genomes that are used as templates for reverse transcriptase to synthesize a DNA copy that can be inserted into the host cell genome.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6222

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The genomes of all retroviruses contain the three genes gag, pol and env.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6223

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6224

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6225

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6226

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The genomes of all retroviruses contain the three genes gag, pol and env.

For sustainable expression of a trangene in the successive generation of a cell line in culture, the ideal gene transfer can be obtained using 

 lentiviral vector 

adenoviral vector 

 plasmid DNA containing the transgene 

only transgenic DNA