Fo complex, with its proton pore, is composed of three subunits, a, b, and c, in the proportion ab₂ C_n, where n ranges from 8 to 15 in various organisms; in yeast, it is 10.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1520

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Two different types of microtubule structures can exist, 

one in the T form bound to GTP 

one in the D form bound to GD

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10238

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

OsGSR1, a member of the gibberellic acid–stimulated gene family, acts as a positive regulator of both the gibberellic acid response and brassinosteroid biosynthesis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3805

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

High PSF to food ratio is upregulate the translation of the PKA catalytic subunit PKA-C.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9663

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Kinase activity associated with receptor activation phosphorylates tyrosines on the bound PLCγ, enhancing its hydrolase activity. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10410

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Warburg effect

Cancer cells and proliferating cells convert most glucose to lactate regardless of whether oxygen is present or not.