There are 6000 genes in yeast; 21,700 in a nematode worm; 17,000 in a fly; 25,000 in the small plant Arabidopsis; and probably 20,000 to 25,000 in mice and humans

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3273

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The mismatch repair system of E. coli includes at least 12 protein components (Table) that function either in strand discrimination or in the repair process itself.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3277

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Methylation of DNA strands can serve to distinguish parent (template) strands from newly synthesized strands in E. coli DNA

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3279

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

 In Escherichia coli, mismatches are detected by a dimer of the mismatch repair protein MutS.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3280

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

MutS embraces the mismatch-containing DNA, inducing a pronounced kink in the DNA and a conformational change in MutS itself.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3281

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

MutS has an ATPase activity that is required for mismatch repair, in Escherichia coli, mismatches are detected by a dimer of the mismatch repair protein MutS.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3282

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In Escherichia coli,  the complex of MutS and the mismatch-containing DNA recruits MutL, a second protein component of the repair system.