The ratio T= I/I 0 is called transmission.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3198

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Errors in replication and damage to DNA have two consequences;
One is, of course, the introduction of permanent changes to the DNA (mutations), which can alter the coding sequence of a gene or its regulatory sequences.
The second consequence is that some chemical alterations to the DNA prevent its use as a template for replication and transcription

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3199

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Mismatches between the strands of DNA are one of the major targets for excision repair systems. Mismatch repair (MMR) is accomplished by scrutinizing DNA for apposed bases that do not pair properly

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3200

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Base excision repair (BER) systems directly remove the damaged base and replace it in DNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3201

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) systems excise a sequence that includes the damaged base(s). a new stretch of DNA is then synthesized to replace the excised material.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3202

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Repair systems recognize DNA sequences that do not conform to standard base pairs.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3203

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Excision systems remove one strand of DNA at the site of damage and then replace it.