The second component of the replicon model is the initiator protein.

This protein specifically recognizes a DNA element in the replicator and activates the initiation of replication

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#Id: 2583

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

In late proximal convoluted tubule

High tubular fluid Cl− concentration is the driving

force for reabsorption

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

There are two components for Cl− reabsorption:

Transcellular

Paracellular

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Function of the two exchangers is to transport NaCl from the lumen into the cell:

Na+-H+ exchanger

Cl−-formate− anion exchanger

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The proximal tubule is an important site for secretion of organic acids and bases such as bile salts, oxalate, urate, and catecholamines.

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#Id: 2649

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Thin descending and thin ascending segments, have thin epithelial membranes with no brush borders, few mitochondria, & minimal levels of metabolic activity.

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#Id: 2650

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Descending part of the thin segment is highly permeable to water and moderately permeable to most

Solutes (urea and sodium).