Attenuator riboswitch (Leader sequence) is made up of almost 140 nt which further can be divided into four Intra -complementary regions 

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#Id: 1148

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Podocytes have numerous pseudopodia that interdigitate to form filtration slits along the capillary wall.

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#Id: 1149

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Stellate cells (mesangial cells )

Located between the basal lamina and the endothelium

They are similar to pericytes

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#Id: 1150

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Mesangial cells are contractile and play a role in the regulation of glomerular filtration. 

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#Id: 1151

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Glomerular filtration barrier is selective in determining which molecules will filter, based on their,

1. Size 

2. Electrical charge

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#Id: 1152

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Endothelium & epithelial cells, effectively prevents filtration of plasma proteins, because of strong negative electrical charges (associated with the proteoglycans).

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#Id: 1153

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Negatively charged large molecules are filtered less easily than positively charged molecules of equal molecular size.