Promoter search->closed promoter complex -> open promoter complex

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10543

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Removal of a cell from its substratum disrupts integrin signaling, leading to release of the BH3-only Bim

protein from the cytoskeleton which binds to Bak and Bax to promote pore formation.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10544

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Two BH3-only proteins, Puma and Noxa are transcriptionally induced by the p53 protein

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10545

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Binding of cytochrome c to the Apaf1 triggers formation of an apoptosome containing seven molecules each of Apaf and cytochrome c and having a sevenfold symmetry. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10546

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Apoptosome 

a disk-shaped 1.4-MDa heptameric wheel of death

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10547

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Apoptosis of mammalian cells is activated by either: Intrinsic signaling pathways

Extrinsic signaling pathways

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10548

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Intrinsic apoptosis pathway is mediated by an activated initiator caspase (caspase-9)