Because they cannot rotate, each peptide bond holds 6 atoms in a plane.

However, most possible angles of Phi (φ) and Psi (ψ) are impossible due to clashes

between atoms. These balls are much smaller than the atoms they represent.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Mean arterial pressure is the average pressure in a

complete cardiac cycle and is calculated as follows:

Mean arterial pressure=Diastolic pressure+ 1/3 Pulse pressure

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Mean arterial pressure is not the simple mathematical average of diastolic and systolic pressures.

This is because a greater fraction of each cardiac cycle is spent in diastole than in systole.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Cardiac cycle  The cardiac events that occur from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Each cardiac cycle is initiated by spontaneous generation of an action potential in the sinus node.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Period of relaxation called diastole, during which the heart fills with blood A period of contraction called systole