Marine animals, which are hypo-osmotic, actively exclude salts. Some marine animals increase the concentrations of solutes, such as urea and amino acids, in their body fluids to match the osmotic potential of seawater and thus reduce the movement of water out of their bodies

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#Id: 1076

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Many of the genes that determine floral organ identity are MADS box genes, including AG, PI, and AP3 genes of Arabidopsis

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#Id: 1077

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The MADS box gene form tetramers that bind to CC(A/T)6GG sequences, called CArG-box, in the regulatory regions of their target genes.

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#Id: 1078

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

According to the Quartet Model, floral organ identity is regulated by tetrameric complexes of the ABCE proteins.

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#Id: 1079

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Class E gene - SEPALLATA gene

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#Id: 1080

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

SEP proteins act as cofactors that provide flower-specific activity to the ABC genes by making complexes of their products.

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#Id: 3373

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Alternating single and double bonds that largely accounts for the absorption of visible light.