The second part of Darwin’s hypothesis is that exaggerated secondary sexual traits decrease survival.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Standard Deviation:

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Range: It gives a measure of the spread of the data values of the corresponding random variable.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Quartile deviation: It is half the difference between the first quartile and the third quartile in a frequency distribution.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Quartile deviation

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Probability distribution yields the possible outcomes for any random event. It is also defined based on the underlying sample space as a set of possible outcomes of any random experiment.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

A random variable has a probability distribution, which defines the probability of its unknown values. Random variables can be discrete (not constant) or continuous or both.