The noble gases are left out of the trends in atomic radii because there is great debate over the experimental values of their atomic radii.

The SI units for measuring atomic radii are the nanometer (nm) and the picometer (pm). 1 nm = 1 X 109 m; 1 pm = 1 X 10-12 m.

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#Id: 9277

#Section 2: General Biology

Nod factor is b-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine backbone

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#Section 2: General Biology

Type III/Type IV secretion systems play a major role in transfer of bacterial Nod factor in plant cell. 

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#Section 2: General Biology

The binding of Nod factors to the Nod factor receptors (NFRs), which contain extracellular LysM motifs, initiates an interaction with the conserved SYMRK receptor-like kinases containing a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain.

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#Section 2: General Biology

The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.

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#Section 2: General Biology

Root hair cellular responses to bacterial Nod factor

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#Section 2: General Biology

Plant genes expressed early, or in the absence of bacterial infection, are termed “early nodulins” or ENOD