In flow cytometry, what is forward scatter a measure of?

#Question id: 1856

#Section 2: General Biology

Influenza vaccines usually contain antigens from how many different strains of influenza virus?

#Question id: 14267

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

In a trickling biological filter, the BOD value of the feed stream is S_0i = 500 mg/l with a feed flow of F = 10³ l/h. The effluent BOD value is desired to be S₀ = 10 mg/l. The following kinetic parameters for the biocatalysts are known: r_m = 20 mg/S/l .h and K_s = 200 mg S/l. The biofilm thickness is L = 0.1 mm. The cross-sectional area of the filter is A = 2 m² , and the biofilm surface area per unit volume of the bed is a = 500 cm² /cm³ . Assume that dissolved oxygen is the rate-limiting substrate and the diffusion coefficient of oxygen is D_O2 = 2 × 10^-5 cm² /s. Determine the required height of the bed. You can assume first-order bioreaction kinetics?

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#Question id: 14591

#Section 2: General Biology

#Question id: 3265

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

If the curve shifts to the left or to the right, there is no gene flow, and the population size consequently increases over successive generations, then which of these is (are) probably occurring?

#Question id: 3811

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

The mechanism of DNA replication is studied in an E. coli replication fork. Which is a characteristic of this replication fork?