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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7354

Amount of change in allele frequency as a result of mutation equals the mutation rate times the allelic frequency


#XL - T Zoology #The Mechanisms #Part B Pointers
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9355

#XL - T Zoology

Most cells lack RIII, TGF-β binds directly to the RII
dimer, but Active RII kinase activity is not sufficient to generate an intracellular signal
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9356

#XL - T Zoology

RI will not bind to RII unless RII is bound to TGF-β.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9357

#XL - T Zoology

RII phosphorylates serine and threonine in the juxtamembrane segment of the RI (ligand induced receptor hetero-oligomerization), releasing the inhibition of RI kinase activity.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9358

#XL - T Zoology

Active type I receptor kinase phosphorylates a Smad
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9359

#XL - T Zoology

Three types of Smad proteins function in the TGF-β signaling pathway: 
R-Smads (Smad2 and Smad3)
Co-Smads (Smad4)
I-Smads (Smad7)
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9360

#XL - T Zoology

Smad2/3 become phosphorylated by active RI receptors and together with Smad4 move into the nucleus to activate gene transcription