Cardiolipin

an unusual “double” phospholipid containing four fatty acid chains

found primarily in the inner mitochondrial membrane

acts to improve the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, by restricting proton flow across the membrane

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7924

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Cardiolipin

an unusual “double” phospholipid containing four fatty acid chains

found primarily in the inner mitochondrial membrane

acts to improve the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, by restricting proton flow across the membrane

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9761

#XL - R Botany

These VOCs are herbivore– induced plant volatiles (HIPV) HIPV and act as cues for natural enemies of the insect herbivore, for example parasitic wasps.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9762

#XL - R Botany

When maize plants were exposed to green-leaf volatiles (VOCs), JA and JA-related gene expression were rapidly induced.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9763

#XL - R Botany

To distinguish between “self” and “nonself” during pathogen infection, plants possess pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that perceive microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) which are conserved among a specific class of microorganisms (such as chitin for fungi, flagella for bacteria) but are absent in the host.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9764

#XL - R Botany

Perception of MAMPs or DAMPs by cell surface PRRs is called Pathogen Triggered Immunity

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9765

#XL - R Botany

Perception of MAMPs or DAMPs by cell surface PRRs initiates a localized basal defense response called MAMP triggered immunity which inhibits the growth and activity of nonadapted pathogens or pests.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9766

#XL - R Botany

Effectors triggers intracellular defense response includes RLK, receptor-like kinase; RLP, receptor-like protein; NBS–LRR, nucleotide binding site–leucine rich repeat