A second NPF is a large protein complex called WAVE

and requires small GTP-binding protein Rac1.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8132

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Lipids as pigments in plants and bird feathers.

Birds acquire the pigments that color their feathers red or yellow by eating plant materials that contain carotenoid pigments, such as canthaxanthin and zeaxanthin.

The differences in pigmentation between male and female birds are the result of differences in intestinal uptake and processing of carotenoids.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9499

#XL - R Botany

In maize (Zea mays) leaves, the HC toxin inhibits histone deacetylases to effect changes in host gene expression, presumably those genes involved in defense against C. carbonum.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7910

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs)

The portions of the ER membranes that form special contact regions with the mitochondria.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7756

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Fluorine (the most electronegative element) is assigned a value of 4.0, and values range down to cesium and francium which are the least electronegative at 0.7

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7930

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Secretory pathway

pathway of protein trafficking that flows through the ER