Monogamy

Each individual mates exclusively with one partner over at least a single breeding cycle and sometimes for longer.

Monogamy occurs in fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, but it is only commonly observed in birds, some rodents, and a few primate species.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9279

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The binding of Nod factors to the Nod factor receptors (NFRs), which contain extracellular LysM motifs, initiates an interaction with the conserved SYMRK receptor-like kinases containing a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9280

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9281

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Root hair cellular responses to bacterial Nod factor

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9282

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Plant genes expressed early, or in the absence of bacterial infection, are termed “early nodulins” or ENOD

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9283

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Three factors are important in maintaining low O2 concentrations in nodules. 

First, entry of O2 into the nodule is controlled by a variable‐permeability barrier in the nodule parenchyma

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9284

#XL - Q Biochemistry

O2‐binding plant protein Lb plays an active role in regulating and delivering O2 in the infected cells

Bacterial respiration is the major O2 sink