During infection, most bacteria remain in extracellular spaces and use a specialized mechanism, the type III secretion system (T3SS), to deliver bacterial effector proteins into the plant cell

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9283

#XL - S Microbiology

Three factors are important in maintaining low O2 concentrations in nodules. 

First, entry of O2 into the nodule is controlled by a variable‐permeability barrier in the nodule parenchyma

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10805

#XL - R Botany

Tannins deter feeding by herbivores

Plant tannins also serve as defenses against microorganisms.

For example, the nonliving heartwood of many trees contains high concentrations of tannins that help prevent fungal and bacterial decay

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9746

#XL - R Botany

Constitutive defenses are costly to the plant. The production of secondary metabolites requires a significant energy investment derived from primary metabolism, which is then unavailable for use in growth and reproduction.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8942

#XL - T Zoology

In S. cerevisiae, during interphase and early mitosis, Cdc14 is sequestered and inactivated in the nucleolus. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5485

#XL - T Zoology

Life History Strategies Incorporate Traits Relating to Survival and Competitive Ability.