Rho GTPases are the “master builders” of the cell because they can activate an array of kinases and cytoskeletal binding proteins that remodel cytoskeletal elements to alter cell shape and movement

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7926

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Rough ER, which is associated with ribosomes, functions in the synthesis and processing of secreted and membrane proteins

Smooth ER, which lacks ribosomes, functions in lipid synthesis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9298

#XL - R Botany

A.  Chloroplasts

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9702

#XL - T Zoology

Haploid yeast cells secrete protein signals known as pheromones, which induce mating between opposite mating types.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10728

#XL - R Botany

Phyllotaxy

This is usually are of four types – alternate, opposite, spiral and whorled

In alternate type of phyllotaxy, a single leaf arises at each node in alternate manner, as in china rose, mustard and sunflower plants

Phyllotaxy

In opposite type, a pair of leaves arise at each node and lie opposite to each other as in Calotropis and guava plants.

If more than two leaves arise at a node and form a whorl, it is called whorled, as in Alstonia (Devil Tree) Apocynaceae

Spiral phyllotaxy

Fibonacci sequence

Golden Angle

the divergence angle between successively arising leaves is fixed at the golden angle of 137.5°

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9276

#XL - S Microbiology

NodA is an N-acyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of a fatty acyl chain.

NodB is a chitin-oligosaccharide deacetylase that removes the acetyl group from the terminal nonreducing sugar.

NodC is a chitin-oligosaccharide synthase that links N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers.