A fly have two X chromosomes and three sets of autosomes, it is a mosaic.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 668

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Embryonic cells, germ-line cells, and stem cells produce telomerase, but most human somatic cells produce only a small amount of telomerase as they enter S phase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 669

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

As a result of their modest telomerase activity, their telomeres shorten with each cell cycle.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 670

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Extensive shortening of telomeres is recognized by the cell as a double-strand break and consequently triggers cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 671

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In mammals, six telomeric proteins (TRF1, TRF2, Rap1, TIN2, TPP1, and POT1) comprise a complex called shelterin

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 672

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Duplex telomeric DNA interactions of TRF1 and TRF2 and the binding of POT1 to the single-stranded TTAGGG repeats.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 673

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Shelterin functions to protect telomeres from DNA damage repair pathways and to regulate telomere length control by telomerase