Shortly after transcription initiation, Pol II is paused 30 nucleotides downstream from the initiation site, waiting for the recruitment of the capping enzymes to add the cap to the 5’ end of nascent RNA. Without this protection, nascent RNA may be vulnerable to attack by 5’–3’ exonucleases, and such trimming may induce the Pol II complex to fall off of the DNA template.

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#Id: 519

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Escherichia coli K-12 with 950 gene/Mb gene density has 0 introns in genome and less than 1% repetitive sequences

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#Id: 6719

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

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#Id: 8884

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

This phosphorylation, together with phosphorylation of lamin B by protein kinase C, causes depolymerization of the lamin intermediate filaments.

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#Id: 9891

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Receptors of the innate immune system that recognize molecular patterns or motifs present on pathogens but absent in the host.

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#Id: 2905

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

DnaA then acts at three A-T-rich 13 -bp tandem repeats located on the left side of oriC