Wild-type (Prototrophic) bacteria can use these simple ingredients to synthesize all the compounds that they need for growth and reproduction.

auxotroph lack one or more enzymes necessary for metabolizing nutrients or synthesizing essential molecules

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2927

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The rate of sedimentation is dependent not only upon the applied centrifugal field, but
also on the nature of the particle, i.e., its density and radius, and also the viscosity of the
surrounding medium. Stokes’ Law describes these relationships for the sedimentation of a
rigid spherical particle:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2019

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Principle of independent assortment

Genes encoding different characteristics separate independently; applies only to genes located on different chromosomes.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9316

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Light absorption by rhodopsin→activation of a cGMP PDE → hydrolyzes cGMP to 5′-GMP→ cGMP levels  drop →channel close →membrane hyperpolarization→reduction in NT release→transmitted to brain

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9013

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Rubisco is inhibited by the natural inhibitor 2‐carboxyarabinitol 1‐phosphate (CA1P), that is a structural analog of the six-carbon intermediate of the carboxylation reaction. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8593

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Laminopathies 

Mutation in lamin A