The emerging column of cells topples over called ‘the slug’.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10436

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Indirect-acting carcinogens 

Relatively unreactive compounds that become modified to more reactive forms by cellular cytochrome P-450 enzymes

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10437

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Benzo(a)pyrene

(found in cigarette smoke & coal tar) undergoes metabolic activation by cytochrome P-450 in the lungs to form a potent mutagen

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10438

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

P-450 enzymes, modify benzo(a)pyrene in a series of reactions, producing 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide, a highly potent mutagenic species

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10439

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10440

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide is responsible for cancer development forms an adduct with guanine: 

(+)-trans-anti-B(a)P-N2-dG

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10441

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

(+)-trans-anti-B(a)P-N2-dG

causes polymerase to insert an A rather than a C opposite the modified G base (Transversion mutation)