In many endotherms, shivering occurs in cold conditions whereby the body undergoes rapid muscle contractions without any locomotion.

When the body temperature falls, brown fat cells increase their metabolic rate, and hence heat production.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1166

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The GFR is determined by 

1. Net filtration pressure

2. Glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient

         

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1167

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Renal plasma clearance is the volume of plasma from which a substance is completely removed by the kidney in a given amount of time (usually minutes).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1168

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

GFR is measured by the clearance of a glomerular marker.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1169

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The ideal glomerular marker is inulin.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1170

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The clearance of inulin equals the GFR.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1171

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is determined by three variables: 

1. Arterial pressure

2. Afferent arteriolar resistance

3. Efferent arteriolar resistance