Some given facts regarding effector molecules such as;

a) HC-toxin-induced plasma membrane hyperpolarization in guard cells causes massive K+ uptake and permanent stomatal opening

b) Xanthomonas, are proteins that target the plant cell nucleus and causes change in gene expression, called transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors bind to the host plant DNA and activate the expression of genes

c) Fusicoccin, a cyclic peptide, acts on the enzyme histone deacetylase in the nucleus, and may have a compromising effect on the expression of genes involved in defense

d) Gibberellins accelerate growth, resulting in bigger plants when compared with uninfested plants. The gibberellins produced by the fungi are identical to those produced endogenously by the plant

Which of the following combination is incorrect?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 28396

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

VegT is critical in generating the germ cells, two genes activated by VegT protein that encodes the transcriptional factor as well as paracrine factors that instruct the cell layers to become their fate. which of the following statements is incorrect?

a) Sox17 paracrine factor that specify cells to be endoderm

b) Nodal transcription factors that instruct the cell layers above them to become mesoderm

c) Nodal paracrine factors that instruct the cell layers above them to become mesoderm

d) Sox17 transcription factor that specify cells to be endoderm

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 28397

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

During the specification of amphibian axes, in the absence of any induction cell leads to become which of the following fate?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 28398

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Spemann referred to the dorsal lip cells and their derivatives as the organizer, these derivatives cells are___

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#Question id: 28399

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Dorsal most vegetal cells of the blastula, which are capable of inducing the organizer is known as____

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#Question id: 28400

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Which of the following is the major candidate for the factor that forms the Nieuwkoop center ? 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 28401

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The Nieuwkoop centre is formed on the dorsal side of the embryo due to accumulation of beta-catenin which helps activate gene encoding protein, these protein known as____