In community, two species A and B were found. A species have an especially large impact on the structure of entire communities because they are highly abundant while B species are not usually abundant in a community however; exert strong control on community structure by their pivotal ecological roles, or niches. Which of the following is naming of species?

#Question id: 1215

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

A cell responds to an external stimulus by increasing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, releasing IP3 from the membrane, and producing salicylic acid. What kind of cell does this describe?

#Question id: 1216

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

In yeast signal transduction, a yeast cell releases a mating factor, which:

#Question id: 1217

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Yeast cells of mating type a are genetically engineered to produce only mating factor α instead of the normal mating factor a. The gene for the mating factor receptor was unaltered. How will these engineered cells behave in terms of mating?

#Question id: 1218

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Hormones are chemical substances produced in one organ that are released into the bloodstream and affect the function of a target organ. Which of the following conditions is required for the target organ to respond to a particular hormone?

#Question id: 1219

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Many G protein-coupled receptors contain seven transmembrane α-helical domains. The amino end of the protein lies at the exterior of the plasma membrane. Loops of amino acids connect the helices either at the exterior surface or on the cytosolic surface of the membrane. The loop on the cytosolic side between helices 5 and 6 is usually substantially longer than the others. Where would you expect to find the carboxyl end of the protein?

#Question id: 1220

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Many G protein-coupled receptors contain seven transmembrane α-helical domains. The amino end of the protein lies at the exterior of the plasma membrane. Loops of amino acids connect the helices either at the exterior surface or on the cytosolic surface of the membrane. The loop on the cytosolic side between helices 5 and 6 is usually substantially longer than the others. Where would a coupled G protein most likely interact with this receptor?