In some cells, there are many ion electrochemical gradients across the plasma membrane even though there are usually only one or two proton pumps present in the membrane. The gradients of the other ions are most likely accounted for by:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14148

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Dynamic programming determines optimal alignment by matching two sequences for all possible pairs of characters between the two sequences.

Reason(R): Use of the dynamic programming method requires a scoring system to account for matches and mismatches between sequences, and a scheme for Gap penalties.

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#Question id: 14149

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Which of the following program is not an example of local alignment?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14150

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Which of the following statement is incorrect about BLOSUM?

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#Question id: 14151

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Which of the following statement is true?

A) PAM matrices are derived from an evolutionary model whereas the BLOSUM matrices consist of entirely direct observations. 

B) Because of BLOSUM matrices have less evolutionary meaning that is why the PAM matrices are used most often for reconstructing phylogenetic trees.

C) BLOSUM matrices are entirely derived from local sequence alignments of conserved sequence blocks, whereas the PAM matrix is based on the global alignment of full-length sequences.

D) BLOSUM matrices are more advantageous in searching databases and finding conserved domains in proteins.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14152

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

The statistical analysis of alignment scores is much better understood for ________ than for _______

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14153

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Dynamic programming is an example of