Loss of their original diversity per generation

=1/2n

Gain of their original diversity per generation

=1/2n 

Gain or Loss of their original diversity per generation

=1/4n

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10036

#XL - T Zoology

Signalsomes 

Signal transduction by the interleukin 1 and TLRs involves formation of huge multiprotein complexes, activate I-κB kinase

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10037

#XL - T Zoology

IL-1β receptors contain a globular TIR domain; binding of IL-1β to IL-1 receptors triggers dimerization

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10038

#XL - T Zoology

After dimerization MyD88 proteins bind to the IL-1R through the TIRs, and facilitates the binding of many copies of the kinases IRAK4 and IRAK1 or IRAK2

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10039

#XL - T Zoology

Activated IRAK1/2, binds TRAF6, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, to the signalsome, and promotes the formation of an extended 2-D lattice formed by TRAF6-TRAF6 interactions.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10040

#XL - T Zoology

TRAF6 catalyzes synthesis of long K-63-linked polyubiquitin chains that are covalently linked to TRAF6 itself.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10041

#XL - T Zoology

Rather than degradation, poly-K63 ubiquitin chains act as scaffolds that bind proteins that have a poly-K63 ubiquitin-binding domain