Within the nucleus, R-Smads are modified by:

Phosphorylation of linker domains

Acetylation of MH1 domains

Dephosphorylation of the C-terminal serines by nuclear

phosphatases

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#XL - T Zoology

Classical condition occur when behavior  is modified (conditioned) by pairing of two stimuli

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Operant conditioning ‐ Animal learn to associate a behavior with its consequence

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Observational learning

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Imprinting

Imprinting, in psychobiology, a form of learning in which a very young animal fixes its attention on the first object with which it has visual,  auditory, or tactile experience and there after follows that object

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Konrad Lorenz

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Animal cognition

Some animal, especially many mammal, bird have cognitive ability that  extend to reasoning, problem solving, tool used and symbolic  communication.