The second part of Darwin’s hypothesis is that exaggerated secondary sexual traits decrease survival.

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#XL - T Zoology

Adaptation is a Centerpiece of Origin of Species.

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#XL - T Zoology

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#XL - T Zoology

Adaptation has costly side effect

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Natural selection is any consistent difference in fitness among different classes of biological entities.

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#XL - T Zoology

Fitness is as the number of offspring an individual leaves in the next generation.

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Average fitness

In a species, only 1 of every 1000 seeds survives to reproductive age, and that those that survive produce an average of 3000 seeds.