Receptor Homodimerization 

Cytokines (erythropoietin) activate receptors by forming dimers of two identical cytokine receptor proteins

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#Id: 9854

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Phototropins (phots) are involved in directing organ, chloroplast, and nuclear movements, solar tracking, and stomatal opening

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#Id: 9855

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In Mougeotia, the photoreceptors regulating chloroplast movement consist of a fusion between phytochrome and a phototropin known as neochrome, and show typical bilin binding as well as red/far-red reversibility.

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#Id: 9856

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Mougeotia appears to have evolved the ability to exploit red light as a signal to induce a response (chloroplast movement) that is typically mediated by blue light.

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#Id: 9857

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phot1 is the primary phototropic receptor mediates phototropism in response to low and high fluence rates of blue light. 

phot2 mediates phototropism in response to high light intensities

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#Id: 9858

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Phototropin receptors are associated with the plasma membrane, where they function as light-activated serine/threonine kinases.

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#Id: 9859

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Phototropin contains two light-sensing LIGHT-OXYGEN-VOLTAGE (LOV) domains, LOV1 and LOV2, each binding a chromophore flavin mononucleotide (FMN).