Point mutations that reduce termination efficiency usually occur within the stem region of the hairpin, replacing GC base pairs with weaker AT base pairs, or in the U-rich sequence, supporting the importance of these sequences in the mechanism of termination.

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#Id: 6584

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

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#Id: 4692

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Reciprocity

When one individual provides a fitness benefit to another, as long as the second individual is likely to return the favor later.

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#Id: 6342

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Nondisjunction Failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate in meiosis or mitosis.

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#Id: 3429

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

In molecules, two types of excited states can exist;
a) The singlet state is relatively short‐lived and contains electrons with opposite (antiparallel) spins.
b) The more long‐lived triplet state has electron spins that are aligned (parallel).

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#Id: 1245

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Somatotropes—human growth hormone promotes growth of the entire body by affecting protein formation, cell multiplication, and cell differentiation.