During extension by Taq polymerase, the probe is cleaved owing to the nuclease activity of the polymerase.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Human genome encodes 19 different Wnt proteins, and essential for critical developmental events, including:

Brain development

Limb patterning

Organogenesis

Formation of osteoblasts

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Wnts are paracrine factors that make up a large family of cysteine-rich glycoproteins

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Structure of Wnt proteins 

22 cysteine residues, which form disulfide bridges that maintain a globular secondary structure.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Wnt = wingless + integrated

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Wnt proteins are modified by linkage of a monounsaturated fatty acid, palmitoleic acid, to a serine in the middle of the protein.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Lipid modifications of Wnt are catalyzed by the 

O-acetyltransferase Porcupine.