Agglutination reactions are similar in principle to precipitation reactions they depend on the crosslinking of polyvalent antigens. Just as an excess of antibody inhibits precipitation reactions, such excess can also inhibit agglutination reactions; this inhibition is called the prozone effect.

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Erwin Chargaff gave four “rules,” known as parity rule for duplex DNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The second parity rule applies more closely to introns than to exons.

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The length of Introns is variable while exons are almost constant in length.

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Genes that share a common ancestry have similar organizations with conservation of the positions (of at least some) of the introns.

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The homology between two genes can be plotted in the form of a dot matrix comparison

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Sequences that presumably diverged as a result of gene duplication are paralogous.