Algebraic transformation of the exponential correlation into an expression based on the decadic logarithm yields the law of Beer–Lambert:

where [d] = 1cm, [c] = 1mol^dm -3 , and [e] = 1dm^3mol -1 cm1 e is the molar absorption coefficient.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1110

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Cardiac glycosides (e.g., ouabain and digitalis) are a class of drugs that inhibits Na+-K+ ATPase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1296

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

ATP-powered pumps use the energy released by hydrolysis of the terminal phosphoanhydride bond of ATP to transport ions.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1297

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Four classes of ATP-powered pumps:

P-class pumps

V-class pumps

F-class pumps

ABC Superfamily

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1298

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

ATP powered pumps transport ions and various small molecules across membranes always against their concentration gradients.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1299

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

P1 ATPases transports

Cu+, Ag+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Co2+.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1300

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

P2 ATPases transports 

Na+, K+, H+ Ca2+, Mg2+ and phospholipids