Ran dependent mechanism for nuclear export of cargo proteins containing a leucine-rich nuclear-export signal (NES).

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#Id: 8831

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Damage caused by singlet oxygen and its reactive products can decrease the efficiency of photosynthesis in a process known as photoinhibition.

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#Id: 8832

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

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#Id: 8833

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

In plants, various nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) processes act as safety valves for photosynthesis that dissipate excess absorbed light energy harmlessly as heat

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#Id: 8834

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Buildup of a acidic thylakoid ΔpH in the presence of excess light resulting the thylakoid lumen activates an enzyme (violaxanthin de‐epoxidase) that converts violaxanthin into zeaxanthin

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#Id: 8835

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Protonation of a membrane protein (PSBS) that promotes a dissipative state of LHC proteins in the PSII antenna is also a major form of NPQ

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#Id: 8836

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant