Mammalian MAP kinases include  Jun N-terminal kinases and p38 kinases, which are activated by signaling pathways in response to various types of stresses

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4460

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

To make the antibody visible in the electron microscope, it must be attached to an electron-dense marker.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4461

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Scanned-probe microscope scans the specimen without modifying it or exposing it to damaging high -energy radiation. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4462

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Scanned-probe microscopy is of two types:

Scanning tunneling microscopy

Atomic force microscopy

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4463

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Scanning tunneling microscopy- uses thin metal (tungsten) probe that scans specimen revealing the bumps and depressions of the atoms on the surface of the specimen

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4464

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In an atomic force microscope imaging of the surface is done based on modulation of interaction forces between two atoms.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4465

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Cryoelectron microscopy allows examination of hydrated, unfixed, and unstained specimens in the TEM by maintaining them at -196oC (liquid nitrogen).