Hitchhiking

An important consequence of linkage disequilibrium is hitchhiking. This happens when an allele at  one locus spreads by natural selection acting on a second locus that is in linkage disequilibrium with  the first.

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#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

1. N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) phosphotransferase
2. Phosphodiesterase

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#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Sorting signal that directs lysosomal hydrolases from the TGN to the late endosome is- Mannose 6-phosphate (M6P).

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#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

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#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

In nonselective autophagy, a bulk portion of cytoplasm is sequestered in autophagosomes

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#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

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#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Autophagy occurs in the following sequence of steps:

Induction by activation of mTOR complex 1

• Nucleation of autophagosome formation by ATG9

• Closure of the membrane cup to form autophagosome

• Fusion of the autophagosome with lysosomes, catalyzed by SNAREs.

• Digestion of the inner membrane and the lumenal contents of the autophagosome