Three distinct classes of photoreceptors mediate the effects of UV-A/blue light (320–500 nm): the cryptochromes, phototropins and the ZEITLUPE (ZTL) family of proteins

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9075

#XL - T Zoology

Active PDE hydrolyzes cAMP, driving cAMP levels back to basal levels.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9076

#XL - T Zoology

A G protein– coupled receptor kinase phosphorylates serine and threonine residues in the

cytoplasmic segments of activated GPCRs

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9077

#XL - T Zoology

β-Arrestin (Arr) binds to these phosphorylated receptors. Clathrin and AP2, two other proteins bound by β-arrestin, promote endocytosis of the receptor.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9078

#XL - T Zoology

GRK–β-arrestin pathway, suppress signaling by GPCRs, actually functions as a switch, turning off signaling by G proteins and turning on other signaling pathways.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9079

#XL - T Zoology

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors coupled to a Gαi protein & found in cardiac muscles. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9080

#XL - T Zoology

Binding of acetylcholine triggers the opening of an associated K+ channel  in the plasma membrane via the Gβγ subunit of a Gi protein