SRY is a DNA-binding regulatory Protein, bends the DNA & acts as a transcription factor that initiates transcription of a cascade of genes necessary for testicular differentiation

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#Id: 9642

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

In unstimulated cells, 

Raf is phosphorylated by several cytosolic kinases on two sites:

1. Serine/threonine kinase domain 

2. N-terminal autoinhibitory domain

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#Id: 9643

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Molecular Handcuff 

Phosphorylation of Raf is recognize by protein 14-3-3 dimer, which locks the autoinhibitory domain in a position where it blocks and inhibits the kinase active site

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9644

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9645

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Active Ras⋅GTP binds to the N-terminal autoinhibitory domain of Raf, altering its conformation and allowing the phosphate attached to this domain to be removed by cytosolic phosphatases, causing loss of 14-3-3 binding.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9646

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Active Raf phosphorylates MEK on one or two serine residues in its activation loop, activating MEK kinase activity

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9647

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Constitutively active Raf kinase

a glutamic acid substitution for the valine at position 600