Tight junctions prevent the diffusion of: 

Macromolecules

Small water-soluble molecules

Ions

Membrane proteins 

Glycolipids

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#Id: 9515

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Phytoplasmas are specialized bacteria that are obligate parasites of the phloem tissue. They are mainly

spread by insects in the families Cicadellidae (leaf hoppers),

Fulgoroidae (plant hoppers), and Psyllidae (jumping plant

lice). 

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#Id: 9516

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The xylem‐colonizing bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is transmitted by various species of Homalodisca in the family Cicadellidae.

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#Id: 9517

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During infection, most bacteria remain in extracellular spaces and use a specialized mechanism, the type III secretion system (T3SS), to deliver bacterial effector proteins into the plant cell

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#Id: 9518

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The structural components of the T3SS are encoded by the clustered hypersensitive response and pathogenicity cluster (hrp) genes. 

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#Id: 9519

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Many different types of bacterial Avr effectors delivered by type III secretion have been identified to be enzymes such as phosphatases, proteases, phosphoserine lyases, or E3 ubiquitin ligases that attenuate host defense signaling.

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#Id: 9520

#XL - R Botany

The chorismate mutase Cmu1 secreted by U. maydis to reduce the accumulation of salicylic acids and therefore reduce the intensity of the defense response at the site of infection