Bicoid mRNA binds to dynein, a “minus-directed” motor protein associated with the nongrowing end of microtubules; dynein moves the bicoid mRNA to the anterior end of the egg. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1109

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

E2’s ion binding sites are exposed to the exterior of the cell and it has low affinity for Na+ but high affinity for K+

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1110

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Cardiac glycosides (e.g., ouabain and digitalis) are a class of drugs that inhibits Na+-K+ ATPase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1296

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

ATP-powered pumps use the energy released by hydrolysis of the terminal phosphoanhydride bond of ATP to transport ions.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1297

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Four classes of ATP-powered pumps:

P-class pumps

V-class pumps

F-class pumps

ABC Superfamily

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1298

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

ATP powered pumps transport ions and various small molecules across membranes always against their concentration gradients.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1299

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

P1 ATPases transports

Cu+, Ag+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Co2+.