Thorns are modified branches, as in citrus and acacia; spines

are modified leaves

Prickles are derived mainly from the epidermis and thus can be easily snapped off the stem, protect plants from larger herbivores

Trichomes, or hairs, provide a much more effective defense against insect pests

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2907

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The function of DnaC is that of a chaperone to repress the helicase activity of DnaB until it is needed.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2908

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Each DnaB-DnaC complex consists of six DnaC monomers bound to a hexamer of DnaB

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2909

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

he prepriming complex generates a protein aggregate of 480 kD, which corresponds to a sphere of radius 6 nm

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2912

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Each DnaB activates a DnaG primase-in one case to initiate the leading strand, and in the other to initiate the first Okazaki fragment of the lagging strand

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2913

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, provides a swivel that allows one DNA strand to rotate around the other.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2914

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The protein single-strand binding protein (SSB) stabilizes the single-stranded DNA as it is formed and modulates the helicase activity.